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      Question

      In the question below, two statements (I) and (II) are

      given. These statements may be either independent causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statement. Read both the statements and decide which of the following answer choices correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements. Statement I: A massive leak was detected in the primary cooling system of a nuclear power plant during a routine safety inspection. Statement II: The regional energy grid operator initiated an emergency shutdown of the reactor and diverted power from neighboring states to prevent a blackout.
      A Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      B Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      C Both the statements I and II are independent causes Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      D Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      E Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

      Solution

      Analyze Statement I: This statement identifies a critical technical failure—a massive leak in the cooling system. This event creates an immediate safety hazard that requires intervention, acting as the cause. Analyze Statement II: This statement describes the response—an emergency shutdown and power diversion. These actions are taken because of the leak mentioned in Statement I to ensure safety and maintain grid stability. This is the effect.

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