Practice Software Engineering and Web Technology Questions and Answers

• Which of the following cloud pricing models charges users based on the exact amount of resources consumed, measured per second, minute, or hour?
• What are the different cloud deployment models?
• What is 'auto-scaling' in cloud computing?
• What does 'serverless computing' mean in cloud architecture?
• What is 'cloud elasticity' vs 'cloud scalability'?
• Which of the following cloud storage types is most suitable for storing large amounts of unstructured data such as images, videos, and log files?
• What is 'CI/CD' in modern software development?
• What is 'Technical Debt' in software development?
• What are 'Design Patterns' in software engineering?
• What is a 'RESTful API' and what are its key architectural constraints?
• In cloud computing, what is the function of an API Gateway?
• Which of the following cloud computing concepts ensures that a system continues to operate correctly even when some of its components fail?
• What is the primary purpose of Cloud Cost Optimisation strategies such as Reserved Instances, Spot Instances, and Right-sizing?
• In the classic Waterfall model of the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC), which phase immediately follows 'Requirement Analysis'?
• Which software development methodology emphasizes iterative and incremental development, close team collaboration, and delivering working software in short...
• What is the primary purpose of 'unit testing' in software development?
• In Agile software development, what is the primary purpose of a 'sprint retrospective' meeting, as distinct from a 'sprint review'?
• Which characteristic uniquely distinguishes the Spiral Model from both the Waterfall Model and simple Incremental Models in the Software Development Life C...
• In the traditional Waterfall model of software development, which is the correct sequential order of phases?
• Which of the following best describes a core principle of the Agile software development methodology?
• In the Basic COCOMO (Constructive Cost Model) estimation model, which factor is the primary input used to estimate software development effort?
• A system has estimated components of 5 KLOC, 10 KLOC and 15 KLOC. If a simple size-based productivity estimate is 20 LOC/person-month, approximately how ma...
• Testing that targets branches and internal paths using source-code knowledge is:
• Requiring every production change to be approved, tested and traceable primarily supports:
• A control flow graph has 9 edges and 7 nodes. What is its cyclomatic complexity, and what does this number represent in white-box testing?
• Requirements change frequently; working increments are delivered every two weeks with continuous customer feedback. Which approach fits best?
• Using the Basic COCOMO model for an organic project (Effort = 2.4 × KLOC^1.05), what is the approximate effort required for a 10,000-line-of-code (10 KLOC...
• A field accepts integer input between 1 and 100 (inclusive). A tester selects the values 0, 1, 100, and 101 for testing. Which testing technique is this?
• A project has frequent requirement changes, short iterations and continuous customer feedback. Which development model most directly supports these charact...
• A large, mission-critical software project carries significant technical and financial risk, and the organization wants to conduct explicit risk analysis a...
• A program's control flow graph has a cyclomatic complexity of V(G) = 4. According to basis path testing, what is the minimum number of independent test pat...
• A software team modifies a deployed application specifically to fix a bug reported by a customer, where the reports module produces incorrect totals under ...
• A client sends a request to an API endpoint without providing any authentication credentials at all, and the server requires authentication to access this ...
• A client sends a POST request to a REST API to create a new resource. The resource is successfully created, and the server includes the URI of the newly cr...
• Using the Basic COCOMO model for an organic-mode project with an estimated size of 32 KLOC (thousand lines of code), what is the estimated effort in person...
• Using the Basic COCOMO model for an organic-type software project, the effort E (in person-months) is given by E = a × (KLOC)^b, where a = 2.4 and b = 1.0...
• Which type of software testing focuses on verifying individual modules or functions of source code in isolation from the rest of the system, and is typical...
• Which UML diagram type is primarily used to model the time-ordered sequence of messages exchanged between different objects while carrying out a particular...
• In RESTful API design, which HTTP method is both idempotent (repeating the same request produces the same result) and conventionally used to completely rep...
• Which HTTP status code is returned by a server to indicate that the requested resource could not be located at the given URL?