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    Question

    Read the passage below and determine which of the

    following statements can be logically inferred. Passage: Amidst a global shift toward "circular manufacturing," a group of leading electronics manufacturers has moved away from traditional planned obsolescence, instead designing modular smartphones with easily replaceable components. While this shift has drastically reduced electronic waste in regional landfills and appealed to environmentally conscious consumer segments, industry analysts highlight a significant trade-off: the standardized modular design has slowed the pace of aesthetic innovation and increased the initial retail price of the hardware. Furthermore, while the secondary market for replacement parts has flourished, it has created a new regulatory headache regarding the certification of third-party components that may not meet original safety standards. Statements: I. The transition to modular design has resulted in both environmental benefits and a rise in the upfront cost for consumers. II. Industry analysts believe that modularity has accelerated the frequency of major aesthetic redesigns in the smartphone market. III. The growth of the replacement part market has introduced new challenges for regulators concerning component safety.
    A Only I Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    B Only I and II Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    C Only I and III Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    D Only II and III Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    E All I, II, and III Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

    Solution

    Statement I follows: The passage explicitly states that the shift "drastically reduced electronic waste" (environmental benefit) and "increased the initial retail price of the hardware" (upfront cost). Statement II is contradicted: The text states the opposite—that modular design has actually "slowed the pace of aesthetic innovation," not accelerated it. Statement III follows: The final sentence mentions that the flourishing secondary market has created a "regulatory headache" regarding the certification of parts that "may not meet original safety standards."

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