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      Question

      In Vroom’s theory, “Instrumentality” refers

      to:
      A Belief that effort will lead to performance Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      B Belief that performance will lead to outcomes Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      C Value placed on outcomes Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      D Perceived fairness of rewards Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      E Relationship between ability and effort Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

      Solution

      Expectancy: effort → performance Instrumentality: performance → reward Valence: value of the reward Thus instrumentality is the belief that performing well will actually produce desirable outcomes.

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