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      Question

      In the question below, an argument is given, followed

      by three statements that either strengthen or weaken the given argument. From the options, choose the one that presents the correct relationship each statement bears with the given argument. Note: 'S' stands for strengthening statement, and 'W' stands for weakening statement. Argument: The municipal corporation of a major coastal city has decided to ban the construction of all new high-rise residential buildings within 500 meters of the shoreline to protect the local ecosystem and reduce the risk of property damage from rising sea levels. Statements: I. Recent geological surveys show that the soil density near the shoreline in this city is rapidly decreasing, making it unstable for heavy foundations. II. Construction companies have already developed advanced "floating foundation" technology that allows high-rise buildings to remain stable and safe even during significant flooding. III. A similar ban implemented in a neighboring coastal city led to a 20% increase in the population of endangered local bird species that nest along the coast.
      A SSW Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      B SWS Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      C WWS Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      D WSW Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      E SWW Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

      Solution

      Statement I (Strengthens): By pointing out that the soil is becoming unstable and unsuitable for heavy foundations, this statement provides a scientific/safety justification for the ban on high-rises. Thus, it is an S. Statement II (Weakens): This statement suggests that technology exists to mitigate the specific risks (flooding and instability) mentioned in the argument. If buildings can be made safe despite the environmental risks, the necessity of a total ban is diminished. Thus, it is a W. Statement III (Strengthens): This provides empirical evidence that such a ban actually achieves one of its stated goals—protecting the local ecosystem (the birds). This supports the effectiveness of the policy. Thus, it is an S.

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