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      Question

      An argument is given, followed by three statements that

      either strengthen or weaken the given argument. Choose the option that correctly identifies the relationship: 'S' for strengthening and 'W' for weakening. Argument: To address increasing urban traffic congestion, a major city plans to implement a "Congestion Pricing" zone, where drivers are charged a significant fee to enter the downtown core during peak business hours. Statements: I. Data from London and Singapore shows that similar pricing schemes resulted in a 15-20% reduction in vehicle traffic and a measurable increase in bus transit speeds. II. Small business owners in the city center are concerned that the additional costs will deter customers, leading to a decline in retail revenue and potential store closures. III. A recent urban planning report indicates that the city's current public transport network is already at maximum capacity and cannot accommodate a shift from private car usage.
      A SWS Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      B SSW Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      C SWW Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      D WSW Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      E WWW Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

      Solution

      Statement I is 'S' (Strengthening): It provides empirical evidence from other cities where the proposed policy successfully achieved the intended goal (reducing traffic and improving transit). Statement II is 'W' (Weakening): It points out a negative economic side effect (loss of retail revenue) that suggests the policy might be detrimental to the city's overall welfare. Statement III is 'W' (Weakening): It identifies a practical barrier—the lack of public transport capacity—which suggests that the policy will fail to provide drivers with a viable alternative, potentially causing gridlock or economic hardship rather than just reducing traffic.

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