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      Question

      In each of the following questions, two statements

      numbered I and II are given. There may be cause and effect relationship between the two statements. These two statements may be the effect of the same cause or independent causes. These statements may be independent causes without having any relationship. Statements: I. Several major airlines have announced a reduction in the number of daily flights on certain busy routes. II. The aviation turbine fuel (ATF) prices have increased sharply in the last two months.
      A Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      B Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      C Both the statements I and II are independent causes Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      D Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

      Solution

      A sharp increase in aviation turbine fuel prices (Statement II) raises operating costs for airlines.
      To manage these costs and remain profitable, airlines often cut down the number of flights, especially on routes where margins are low (Statement I). Thus, the rise in ATF prices (II) leads to airlines reducing flights (I). Hence, Statement II is the cause and Statement I is its effect.

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