Where the ORIGINAL of a document cannot be produced (e.g., it is in the possession of the opposite party who does not produce it despite notice), SECONDARY EVIDENCE of its contents may be given under the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 in:

Secondary evidence may be given of the contents of a document in the situations the BSA enumerates - including where the original is in the possession or power of the person against whom the document is sought to be proved and he does not produce it after notice; where the original has been destroyed or lost; or where the original consists of numerous accounts impossible to examine. In the BSA this admissibility-of-secondary-evidence provision corresponds to Section 60 (the successor to old Section 65). Copies, accounts or oral evidence may then be admitted. Section 74 concerns public documents and Section 63 electronic records. The secondary-evidence rule is central to documentary evidence.