An enquiry that is conducted afresh from the beginning—often due to procedural lapses, defective initial proceedings, or objections raised regarding fairness—is called a:

In disciplinary proceedings and industrial relations, specific terminology describes the nature and status of an enquiry: The term "De-novo" is derived from Latin, meaning "anew" or "from the beginning." A de-novo enquiry is ordered when the original departmental or domestic enquiry suffers from procedural defects, violations of the principles of natural justice, or valid objections raised by the employee/management regarding fairness. In such cases, the previous proceedings are set aside, and a fresh hearing is conducted from scratch.