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      Question

      In the following passage, certain words/phrases have

      been highlighted in bold. For each of these, determine whether the highlighted part is contextually and grammatically appropriate. If the highlighted part is correct and requires no improvement, select (e) No improvement required. India’s cultural interaction with Iran continued long after Sanskrit declined as a spoken language. Al-Biruni, the Persian scholar who travelled extensively across India, documented Indian philosophy, astronomy, and religion with remarkable analytical precision. Unlike many travellers of his era, he approached Indian civilization not with hostility but with intellectual curiosity (A) . Later, Rumi’s mystical poetry profoundly influenced the Bhakti traditions emerging across medieval India. Simultaneously, Persian emerged into (B) a language of administration and literary sophistication across large parts of the subcontinent. The interaction between Persian and regional literary traditions eventually produced composite cultural forms whose influence remained pervasively throughout Indian intellectual history (C). Nevertheless, historians argue that cultural exchange was not entirely detached from political authority, since imperial patronage often shaped linguistic prestige. Such interactions also demonstrates (D) how literary traditions thereby enabling to evolves through sustained processes of adaptation and continuous reinterpretation (E), creating cultural frameworks that later scholars found difficult to dissociate (F) from one another. Select the appropriate option for the highlighted phrase in (E): “ to evolves through sustained processes of adaptation and continuous reinterpretation”
      A to evolve through sustained processes of adaptation and continuous reinterpretation Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      B evolving through sustained processes of adaptation and reinterpretation Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      C to have evolved through sustained adaptation and continuous reinterpretations Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      D evolve through sustained processes involving adaptation and reinterpretation Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      E No improvement required Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

      Solution

      The original highlighted phrase contains a subtle but important grammatical error: “to evolves” After the infinitive marker “to”, the verb must always appear in its base form (V1).  Correct: To evolve To adapt To reinterpret  Incorrect: To evolves To adapts To reinterprets Thus: “to evolves” is grammatically incorrect.  Why Option (a) is Correct Option (a): removes the verb-form error maintains proper infinitive structure keeps parallel semantic balance The corrected phrase:  “to evolve through sustained processes of adaptation and continuous reinterpretation” Is: Grammatically flawless, Stylistically advanced, Contextually coherent.

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