Question
In the question given below, a situation is described
followed by three statements that may or may not be possible reasons for the situation. Select the combination of possible reasons for the situation in the question. In recent years, several Indian states have witnessed a significant decline in groundwater levels despite normal monsoon rainfall. Reports from the Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) indicate that groundwater extraction for irrigation and domestic purposes continues to outpace natural recharge. Many agricultural regions are now facing acute water scarcity, threatening food security and rural livelihoods. Which of the following, if true, could be possible reasons behind the situation described above? 1. Farmers continue to cultivate water-intensive crops such as paddy and sugarcane even in regions with low groundwater reserves. 2. The implementation of water conservation schemes and rainwater harvesting systems has been slow and ineffective in many areas. 3. The urban population has increasingly shifted towards using bottled water for daily consumption.Solution
Statement 1: Correct. Cultivating water-intensive crops in regions with limited groundwater leads to excessive extraction and depletion, directly contributing to the problem. Statement 2: Correct. Ineffective implementation of conservation schemes prevents adequate groundwater recharge, worsening the situation. Statement 3: Incorrect. Urban bottled water usage does not affect groundwater depletion in agricultural areas; it’s largely unrelated to the issue described. Hence, the correct answer is B) Only 1 and 2.
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