According to Herbert
A. Simon’s model of decision-making, what are the three sequential stages involved in the decision-making process?

Nobel laureate Herbert Simon conceptualized decision-making as a cognitive process consisting of three major phases (often abbreviated as IDC): 1. Intelligence Activity: Scanning the internal and external environment to identify conditions that call for a decision; recognizing problems or opportunities. 2. Design Activity: Inventing, developing, and analyzing possible courses of action or strategies to resolve the identified issue. 3. Choice Activity: Evaluating the developed alternatives and selecting a specific course of action to implement. (Note: Later literature sometimes adds a fourth stage, "Implementation," but Simon's core classical model specifically outlines these three primary stages.)