Which of the following cites topped in Global Peace Index 2023?

Explanation : ·     Global Peace Index ( GPI ) 17th edition launched by the Institute for Economics & Peace . ·     Global conflict deaths increased by 96 % to 238,000 . ·     Global economic impact of violence rose by 17 % ( $1 trillion ) to $17 . 5 trillion in 2022, equivalent to 13 % of global GDP . ·     Chinese blockade of Taiwan could cause a global economic output drop of $2 . 7 trillion, twice the impact of the 2008 financial crisis . ·     Ukraine's peacefulness deteriorated the most, falling 14 places to 157th on the Index . ·     Ukraine's economic impact of violence increased by 479 % ( $449 billion ) , equivalent to 64 % of its GDP . ·     Iceland remains the most peaceful country, while Afghanistan is the least peaceful . ·     Europe remains the most peaceful region despite deteriorations due to the Ukraine war . ·     Coastal West Africa has seen improved peacefulness, while the Sahel region has experienced increased terrorism . ·     Europe and the Asia - Pacific region have the most peaceful countries . Learn Along About the Global Peace Index ( GPI ) ·     Produced by the international think - tank the Institute for Economics & Peace ( IEP ) , the GPI report presents the most comprehensive data - driven analysis to date on peace, its economic value, trends, and how to develop peaceful societies . ·     The report covers 99 . 7 % of the world's population and uses 23 qualitative and quantitative indicators from highly respected sources to compile the Index . These indicators are grouped into three key domains : Ongoing Conflict, Safety and Security, and Militarisation .   About the Institute for Economics and Peace ( IEP )   ·     IEP is an international and independent think tank dedicated to shifting the world's focus to peace as a positive, achievable and tangible measure of human well - being and progress . ·     It has offices in Sydney, Brussels, New York, The Hague, Mexico City and Harare.