With reference to the Population Census–2027 in India,

Solution

• Statement 1 is correct: The Population Census–2027 will be held in two phases and, for the first time, will include caste enumeration, making it a landmark exercise in India’s demographic history. • Statement 2 is correct: For snow-bound areas (Ladakh, J&K, Himachal Pradesh, and Uttarakhand), the reference date is October 1, 2026, while for the rest of India it is 00:00 hours, March 1, 2027. • Statement 3 is incorrect: The last Census was held in 2011. The 2021 Census was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, despite preparatory work being complete. Hence, no Census was conducted in 2021. Additional Insights: • Legal Framework: Census 2027 will be conducted under the Census Act, 1948 and the Census Rules, 1990. • Notification: The official gazette notification is scheduled for June 16, 2025 under Section 3 of the Census Act. • Importance of Caste Data: Inclusion of caste enumeration is expected to improve social demographic understanding, aiding policy planning and welfare schemes. • Phased Approach: Ensures better coverage in difficult terrains and non-synchronous areas.