In each of the questions below, a sentence is given with two blanks. Choose the option that best fills both blanks to make the sentence grammatically and contextually correct. The philosophical tradition she critiqued so ______________ in her early monographs had, by the latter decades of her career, undergone sufficient internal transformation that her most celebrated arguments risked becoming ______________ against a target that had already substantially revised itself.

The sentence describes a philosopher who critiqued a tradition in her early work, but by her later career, that tradition had “undergone sufficient internal transformation” — meaning her arguments were now aimed at a version of the tradition that no longer fully existed in its original form. The first blank describes how she critiqued the tradition in her monographs — requiring an adverb suggesting thorough, structured engagement.  The second blank describes what her arguments risked becoming — a word meaning outdated or directed at something that no longer exists in the form originally targeted. Systematically means in a thorough and methodical manner — fitting for a philosopher’s rigorous engagement with a tradition across multiple monographs.  Anachronistic means belonging to a period other than that being portrayed; outdated in relation to the present context — precisely capturing the idea that her arguments, once sharp, were now directed at a version of the tradition that had already evolved past the point of her critique. Hence (e) is the correct answer.