Question
Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements. Statement: Some Rock are Sand. All Mud are Stone. No Mud is Sand. Conclusions:
I. Some Rock are Stone.
II. Some Rock are not Mud.
III. Some Sand are Stone.
Solution
All Mud are Stone (A) → Some Stone are Mud (I) + No Mud is Sand (E) → Some Stone are not Sand (O). Hence conclusion I does not follow. Some Rock are Sand (I) + No Mud is Sand (E) → Conversion → No Sand is Mud (E) → Some Rock are not Mud (O). Hence conclusion II follows. Some Rock are not Mud (O) + All Mud are Stone (A) → No conclusion. Hence conclusion III does not follow.
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