What will be come in place of (?) in the given number

The Newton-Raphson method is an iterative technique primarily used for:

Which type of data can be ordered, but the differences between values are not meaningful (e.g., satisfaction ratings: "Good," "Better," "Best")?

The "standard deviation" is the square root of which other statistical measure?

In numerical computing, what type of error occurs when a continuous function is approximated by a discrete sum or a finite number of terms?

Which numerical method approximates the definite integral of a function by dividing the area under the curve into trapezoids?

What does a p-value less than a significance level (e.g., 0.05) typically indicate in hypothesis testing?

Which statistical measure quantifies the average squared deviation of each data point from the mean?