Question
The doctrine of "Estoppel by Record"
means:Solution
Estoppel by record is an equitable doctrine that prevents a person from denying or contradicting what they have explicitly stated or admitted in a judicial proceeding. If a court has recorded a fact, a party cannot subsequently contend the opposite. This doctrine ensures consistency and prevents abuse of judicial processes. It is related to the doctrine of res judicata. [Citation: Estoppel Principles; Indian Evidence Act, 1872]
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