Article 19(1) guarantees the right to freedom of speech and expression. This right can be restricted on grounds of:

Article 19(2) provides that nothing in Article 19(1)(a) shall prevent the State from making reasonable restrictions on the ground of sovereignty and integrity of India, security of the State, friendly relations with foreign States, public order, decency or morality, contempt of court, defamation, or incitement to an offence. The restrictions must be reasonable and not arbitrary, as tested in cases like Shreya Singhal v. Union of India (2015). [Citation: Article 19, Constitution of India; Shreya Singhal v. Union of India (2015) 1 SCC 1]