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    Question

    What does the term "Document" include under Section 2 of

    the BSA? 
    A Only written records Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    B Electronic and digital records Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    C Only maps and caricatures Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    D Only oral statements Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    E None of these Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

    Solution

    Under Section 2(d) of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA), 2023, the term "document" is defined broadly. It includes any matter expressed, described, or otherwise recorded upon any substance by means of letters, figures, marks, or by more than one of those means and intended to be used or which may be used for the purpose of recording that matter. Importantly, the definition explicitly includes electronic and digital records, reflecting modern advancements in technology and the need to recognize digital evidence on par with traditional written or printed materials. This includes emails, computer files, server logs, videos recorded on mobile phones, and other digital data stored on electronic devices.

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