Which of the following protocol is a network layer

Q: Answer-Which of the following protocol is a network layer protocol and used for reporting errors?

Why this is correct ICMP is a network-layer protocol used to send error messages and operational information e.g., host unreachable, time exceeded about problems in the delivery of IP packets. Routers and hosts use ICMP to report issues and diagnostics ping, traceroute use ICMP. Why the others are wrong 1 HTTP Application-layer protocol used for web communication requestsresponses, not network-layer error reporting. 2 FTP Application-layer protocol for file transfers, not for reporting network errors. 3 ARP Link-layer protocol for mapping IP addresses to MAC addresses not used for reporting network-layer errors.

protocol and used for reporting errors?

A Hypertext Transfer Protocol Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

B File Transfer Protocol Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

C Address Resolution Protocol Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

D Internet Control Message Protocol Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

Solution

Why this is correct:
ICMP is a network-layer protocol used to send error messages and operational information (e.g., “host unreachable”, “time exceeded”) about problems in the delivery of IP packets. Routers and hosts use ICMP to report issues and diagnostics (ping, traceroute use ICMP). Why the others are wrong:

1 (HTTP): Application-layer protocol used for web communication (requests/responses), not network-layer error reporting.
2 (FTP): Application-layer protocol for file transfers, not for reporting network errors.
3 (ARP): Link-layer / protocol for mapping IP addresses to MAC addresses (not used for reporting network-layer errors).

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