Question
What are the differences between a Hub, Switch, and
Router?Solution
Hub (physical layer) is a "dumb" device, broadcasts every packet to all ports, creates collision domains, largely obsolete. Switch (data link layer) maintains a MAC address table, forwards frames only to the correct port, reduces collisions, creates separate collision domains per port. Router (network layer) connects different networks (LAN-to-WAN, LAN-to-LAN), uses routing tables and IP addresses, performs NAT, DHCP, and firewall functions. Bank branches use switches for internal connectivity and routers to connect to the WAN/internet.
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