Which phase of the Harappan (Indus Valley) Civilization is considered the most prosperous and developed?

The Harappan or Indus Valley Civilization spanned approximately from 6000 BCE to 1300 BCE and is divided into three main phases:

1. Early Harappan (6000-2600 BCE): The formative phase when settlements were being established and cultural patterns were developing.

2. Mature Harappan (2600-1900 BCE): The urban phase representing the civilization's peak, characterized by advanced city planning, sophisticated drainage systems, standardized weights and measures, and extensive trade networks. This was the most prosperous period.

3. Late Harappan (1900-1300 BCE): The period of decline and eventual abandonment of major urban centers.


The Mature Harappan phase saw the greatest urban development, technological innovation, and cultural achievement, making it the most prosperous phase of the civilization.