What does the term ‘chatuspathis’ and ‘tols’

Solution

● Option C is correct: The education imparted in 18th-century India was still traditional which could not match with the rapid developments in the West. The knowledge was confined to literature, law, religion, philosophy, and logic and excluded the study of physical and natural sciences, technology, and geography. 1.       Children from the lower caste sometimes attended the schools, but female presence was rare. 2.       Elementary education among the Hindus and the Muslims was quite widespread. The Hindu and Muslim elementary schools were called pathshalas and maktabs respectively. 3.       Chatuspathis or Tols, as they were called in Bihar and Bengal, were the centers of higher education. 4.       Some of the famous centers for Sanskrit education were Kasi (Varanasi), Tirhut (Mithila), Nadia, and Utkala.