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    Question

    With reference to the new measures introduced by the

    National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) from 2025, consider the following statements: 1. Institutions will face negative scoring in NIRF rankings for having retracted research papers and their citations. 2. The penalties for retractions will be strict from the very beginning, with no phased approach. 3. The reform aims to curb unethical practices such as data fabrication, image manipulation, and misuse of large language models (LLMs). Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
    A 1 only Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    B 1 and 2 only Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    C 1 and 3 only Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    D 2 and 3 only Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    E 1, 2 and 3 Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

    Solution

    тАв Statement 1 is correct: From 2025, the NIRF will introduce negative scoring for retracted research papers and their citations, making research integrity a ranking criterion. тАв Statement 2 is incorrect: The penalties will be mild initially and will become stricter over time, signaling a gradual transition towards zero tolerance. тАв Statement 3 is correct: The reform explicitly targets data fabrication, image manipulation, and improper use of large language models (LLMs), among other unethical practices. Thus, the correct answer is 1 and 3 only.

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