Stagflation describes a situation of

In stagflation, we see rising prices (inflation) without rising output — instead, output stagnates or falls, and unemployment remains high. Stagflation is a term used to describe a specific economic situation characterized by three key features: high inflation, stagnant economic growth, and high unemployment. Essentially, it refers to an economy experiencing both inflation (rising prices) and stagnation (falling or stagnant output), which is a particularly challenging scenario for policymakers because the usual tools to combat inflation (e.g., raising interest rates) can exacerbate the stagnation, and the usual tools to stimulate growth (e.g., lowering interest rates) can worsen inflation.