Question
When was the World Trade Organisation
established? Read the below passage and attempt the following questions (Q no 5 to 8). India is close to resolving its most contentious trade dispute, involving information communications technology (ICT) products, with its second largest trade partner, the European Union (EU), a senior government official said. This comes on the heels of India settling all seven trade disputes at the World Trade Organization (WTO) with its largest trade partner, the US. Brussels had dragged New Delhi to the WTO’s dispute settlement mechanism in 2019 challenging its levying of import duty on a wide range of ICT products including mobile phones and components, base stations, integrated circuits and optical instruments claiming that the duty was inconsistent with global trade norms and was hurting €600 million worth of its tech exports to India. The dispute assumes significance as it was feared to affect India’s efforts to boost electronic products manufacturing — a strategic sector in which India is trying to cut its reliance on China. An adverse final ruling could have also meant disruption of the flagship production-led incentive (PLI) scheme due to the rolling back of duties.Solution
The WTO began life on 1 January 1995, but its trading system is half a century older. Since 1948, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) had provided the rules for the system. (The second WTO ministerial meeting, held in Geneva in May 1998, included a celebration of the 50th anniversary of the system.)
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