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    Question

    In water logged soils maximum microbes found

    are
    A Bacteria Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    B Actinomycetes Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    C Fungi Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    D Algae Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

    Solution

    In waterlogged soils (such as rice fields), oxygen availability is very low, creating anaerobic conditions . Different microbial groups respond differently to these conditions:

    1. Bacteria – Most dominant because many species are facultative anaerobes (can live with or without oxygen) or obligate anaerobes (thrive only in oxygen-free environments). Examples include:
      • Fermentative bacteria (break down organic matter)
      • Sulfate-reducing bacteria (e.g., Desulfovibrio)
      • Methanogens (produce methane in waterlogged soils)
    2. Algae – Found mainly in surface water where sunlight is available, but not dominant in deeper, anaerobic soil layers.
    3. Actinomycetes & Fungi – Prefer aerobic (oxygen-rich) conditions and are much less abundant in waterlogged soils.

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