Which of the following statements is/are true? 

Statement A: Sand and silt materials transported by wind are called as loess and aeolian

Statement B: Materials transported and deposited by water and gravity are called alluvium and colluviums, respectively.

Statement C: Laterization process favours the formation of 1:1 type of clay minerals of the kaolinitic group.

In the light of these statements choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Solution

Statement A: Sand and silt materials transported by wind are indeed called loess and aeolian. Loess refers to a windblown deposit of fine-grained sediment, predominantly consisting of silt-sized particles. Aeolian refers to the processes or features associated with the action of wind. Statement B: Materials transported and deposited by water are referred to as alluvium, while materials transported and deposited by gravity are referred to as colluviums.  Statement C: The laterization process does favor the formation of 1:1 type of clay minerals of the kaolinitic group. Laterization is a weathering process that occurs in tropical and subtropical regions, where intense leaching and oxidation cause the removal of silica and the enrichment of iron and aluminum. This process leads to the formation of clay minerals, particularly of the kaolinitic group, which are characterized by a 1:1 layer structure.