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      Question

      Read the given statements and conclusions carefully.

      Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it app ear s to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements. Statements: All apples are oranges. All oranges are pears. Some kiwis are pears. Conclusions: I. Some pears are apples. II. Some kiwis are oranges. III. All oranges are apples.
      A Only conclusion I follows Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      B Only conclusions II and III follow Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      C All the conclusions follow Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      D Only conclusions I and III follow Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

      Solution

      All apples are oranges (A) + All oranges are pears (A) → All apples are pears (A) → Conversion → Some pears are apples. (I). Hence conclusion I follows.
      Some kiwis are pears (I) + [All oranges are pears (A) → Conversion] → Some pears are oranges (I) → No conclusion. Hence conclusion II does not follow.
      All apples are oranges (A) → Conversion → Some oranges are apples. (I). Hence conclusion III does not follow.

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