Question
Read the given statements and conclusions carefully.
Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it app ear s to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements. Statements: All apples are oranges. All oranges are pears. Some kiwis are pears. Conclusions: I. Some pears are apples. II. Some kiwis are oranges. III. All oranges are apples.Solution
All apples are oranges (A) + All oranges are pears (A) → All apples are pears (A) → Conversion → Some pears are apples. (I). Hence conclusion I follows.
Some kiwis are pears (I) + [All oranges are pears (A) → Conversion] → Some pears are oranges (I) → No conclusion. Hence conclusion II does not follow.
All apples are oranges (A) → Conversion → Some oranges are apples. (I). Hence conclusion III does not follow.
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