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      Question

      In the question below, two statements (I) and (II) are

      given. These statements may be either independent causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statement. Read both the statements and decide which of the following answer choices correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements. I. Several European countries have recorded a sharp decline in energy consumption over the past year. II. Energy prices in Europe have risen sharply due to the ongoing geopolitical crisis and supply chain disruptions.
      A Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      B Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      C Both the statements I and II are independent causes Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      D Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      E Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

      Solution

      Statement II describes a rise in energy prices due to external geopolitical and supply chain issues. Statement I talks about a decline in energy consumption, which is likely a result of higher prices — people or industries reduce usage when it becomes expensive. Hence, the rise in energy prices (II) is the cause, and the decline in consumption (I) is the effect.

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