Under Section 87 of the Consumer Protection Act, 2019, a product liability action cannot be brought against the product seller if, at the time of harm, the product was:

Section 87(1) of the Consumer Protection Act, 2019 provides that a product liability action cannot be brought against the product seller if, at the time of harm, the product was misused, altered, or modified. Section 87(2) further sets out specific defences available to a product manufacturer in an action based on failure to provide adequate warnings or instructions - including where the product was purchased by an employer for workplace use with warnings already provided to the employer, where the product was sold as a component with warnings given to the purchaser of the component, where the product required expert supervision and warnings were given to such experts, or where the complainant was under the influence of alcohol or a non-prescribed drug at the time of use. Section 87(3) additionally exempts manufacturers from liability for failing to warn about dangers that are obvious or commonly known to the ordinary user or consumer.