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    Question

    Which of the following is correct about the power to

    alter boundaries between states (relevant to First Schedule and Part I)?
    A Parliament can alter boundaries of states by simple legislation under Article 3, but when the Bill affects a state it must be referred to that state legislature for its views. Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    B State boundaries cannot be altered once notified in First Schedule. Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    C Alteration of state boundaries requires a constitutional referendum. Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    D High Courts can change state boundaries on representation petitions. Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    E The President can change boundaries by ordinance. Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

    Solution

    Article 3 empowers Parliament to form new States, alter boundaries, or change names of existing States. The only procedural safeguard is that the Bill must be referred to the concerned State Legislature for its views, though State consent is not mandatory. This reflects IndiaтАЩs strong Centre-oriented federalism. In Babulal Parate v. State of Bombay and later in Pradeep Chaudhary v. Union of India, the Supreme Court upheld ParliamentтАЩs wide discretion under Article 3, subject only to limited judicial review. The provision ensures flexibility in territorial reorganization while preserving constitutional procedure.

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