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      Question

      Which is correct about schedules of the Constitution and

      their amendment?
      A Schedules can be amended only by a Constitutional Amendment under Article 368. Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      B Since they are schedules, Parliament cannot amend them at all. Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      C Most schedules may be amended by ordinary legislation unless specifically stated otherwise; some changes require constitutional amendment procedures depending on effect on federal structure. Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      D Schedules are permanent and carved in stone. Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      E Schedules can be changed only by a referendum. Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

      Solution

      While Schedules form part of the Constitution, amendments to them are not immune from constitutional scrutiny. Changes affecting legislative distribution or federal balance attract the amendment procedure under Article 368. The Supreme Court has consistently held that Parliament cannot alter the Constitution’s basic structure indirectly by amending schedules through ordinary law. This principle ensures that constitutional form cannot be used to defeat constitutional substance, preserving federalism and separation of powers.

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