Under Section 2(zk) of the Industrial Relations Code, 2020, the term "strike" includes which of the following, in addition to a cessation of work?

Section 2(zk) defines "strike" broadly as a cessation of work by a body of persons employed in any industry acting in combination, or a concerted refusal, under a common understanding, of any number of such persons to continue work or accept employment. Crucially, this definition also extends to the concerted casual leave taken on a given day by fifty per cent or more of the workers employed in an industry. This expansion prevents workers from circumventing the strike-notice requirements of Section 62 through mass casual leave applications. It reflects legislative intent to treat coordinated mass absenteeism as functionally equivalent to a strike - a feature absent from the earlier Industrial Disputes Act, 1947.