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    Question

    A person is said to cause an effect “voluntarily”

    when he causes it
    A by means whereby he intended to cause it Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    B by means which, at the time of employing those means, he knew Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    C had reason to believe to be likely to cause it Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    D All of the above Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

    Solution

    Section 39 IPC- “Voluntarily”.—A person is said to cause an effect “voluntarily” when he causes it by means whereby he intended to cause it, or by means which, at the time of employing those means, he knew or had reason to believe to be likely to cause it. Illustration A sets fire, by night, to an inhabited house in a large town, for the purpose of facilitating a robbery and thus causes the death of a person. Here, A may not have intended to cause death; and may even be sorry that death has been caused by his act; yet, if he knew that he was likely to cause death, he has caused death voluntarily.

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