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      Question

      What is 'recursion' in

      programming?
      A Executing the same loop multiple times with different variables Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      B A function that calls itself directly or indirectly Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      C Passing a function as a parameter to another function Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      D Defining multiple functions with the same name but different parameters Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      E Automatically repeating a failed function call until it succeeds Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

      Solution

      Recursion requires a base case (stopping condition) and a recursive case. Example: factorial(n) = n × factorial(n-1), base case factorial(0) = 1. Without a base case, recursion causes a StackOverflow error. Recursive algorithms include tree traversal, binary search, merge sort, and Fibonacci series. Each recursive call uses stack memory.Deep recursion can be replaced with iteration for memory efficiency.

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