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      Question

      In a backtracking algorithm, what happens when a partial

      solution is found to violate a constraint?
      A The algorithm immediately terminates. Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      B The algorithm switches to a greedy approach. Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      C The algorithm "backtracks" to a previous decision point and tries a different choice. Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      D The algorithm stores the invalid path and continues exploring. Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      E The algorithm re-evaluates all previous decisions. Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

      Solution

      The core idea of backtracking is to explore a path, and if that path leads to a dead end (violates a constraint or cannot lead to a solution), the algorithm "backtracks" by undoing the last decision and trying an alternative. This pruning of the search space is what makes backtracking efficient compared to brute-force enumeration.

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