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      Question

      What is 'data

      masking'?
      A Encrypting all database files to prevent unauthorized server access Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      B The technique of replacing sensitive data with fictitious but realistic-looking data Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      C Hiding network traffic patterns from monitoring tools Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      D Applying access control labels to classify data sensitivity levels Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      E Anonymizing transaction logs for regulatory reporting Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

      Solution

      Data masking ensures developers/testers work with realistic data formats without exposing actual customer PAN numbers, Aadhaar numbers, account numbers, or financial details.  Types of data masking: 1) Static masking (masked copy for non-prod) 2) Dynamic masking (real-time masking based on user role, for example, a call centre agent sees masked card number **** **** **** 1234).  Techniques: Substitution, shuffling, encryption, nulling. It is critical for bank compliance with RBI data localisation, IT Act 2000, and customer privacy obligations.

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