Question
In networking, what does 'NAT' (Network Address
Translation) do?Solution
NAT (typically implemented in routers/firewalls) maps internal private IP addresses (192.168.x.x, 10.x.x.x, 172.16-31.x.x — RFC 1918) to one or more public IP addresses. This conserved IPv4 address space and provides a layer of security (internal devices are not directly reachable from the internet). PAT (Port Address Translation) is the most common form, differentiating connections using port numbers. Bank branch offices use NAT to share a single internet connection.
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