In a real-time video conferencing application, users

Solution

Traffic shaping manages the flow of network traffic to ensure a smooth delivery experience. By controlling the rate at which data packets are sent, it minimizes congestion and optimizes bandwidth for real-time applications like video conferencing. 1. It smoothens bursty traffic patterns, reducing jitter and delay, which are critical for video streams. 2. Ensures a steady flow of packets, preventing abrupt network overloads. 3. Helps prioritize video conferencing traffic over less critical data transfers, improving overall quality. Why Other Options Are Incorrect: • A) Best-effort service: Offers no guarantees for delay-sensitive applications. • B) FIFO queuing: Processes packets in order, but does not prioritize critical traffic. • C) Priority queuing: Provides preference to specific traffic types but does not control traffic flow rates. • E) Token bucket filtering: Controls packet bursts but is less effective for sustained traffic regulation.