What is a common security control used to protect sensitive data during transmission over the internet?

SSL/TLS (Secure Sockets Layer / Transport Layer Security) protocols are widely used to secure data in transit over the internet. They establish an encrypted link between a client (such as a web browser) and a server, ensuring that any data exchanged is protected from eavesdropping, tampering, or forgery. TLS is the successor to SSL and is considered more secure. These protocols are critical for securing online transactions, emails, and other internet communications. Why other options are wrong: a) Symmetric Encryption : Symmetric encryption is used for securing data but is less commonly employed directly over the internet because it requires both parties to share a secret key. b) Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) : PKI supports secure communication but is a broader framework that enables SSL/TLS through digital certificates, not a protocol by itself. d) Digital Signatures : Digital signatures ensure the integrity and authenticity of data but do not provide encryption during transmission. e) Hashing : Hashing is used to verify data integrity but does not encrypt or protect data during transmission.