Which of the following is a primary characteristic of Black Box Testing in software testing?

Black Box Testing is a testing technique where the tester is unaware of the internal code structure and focuses purely on the inputs and outputs of the software. The tester validates the functionality of the application based on the specified requirements, ensuring that it behaves as expected. This method is typically used in functional testing, and testers use scenarios, user stories, and requirement documents to design their test cases. Option A is incorrect because testing the internal structure relates to White Box Testing, not Black Box Testing. Option B is incorrect because code coverage is also a characteristic of White Box Testing, which focuses on how much of the code has been executed. Option D is incorrect because testing individual functions or units is related to Unit Testing, a form of White Box Testing. Option E is incorrect because developers generally conduct White Box Testing, whereas Black Box Testing is often done by testers.