Question
Which of the following organic compounds undergo
nucleophilic substitution reaction most easily?Solution
The rate of a nucleophilic substitution reaction depends heavily on how easily the leaving group (halogen atom) can depart from the molecule. In alkyl halides like CH₃X (X = halogen), the leaving group ability follows this trend: I - > Br - > Cl - > F - This is because: Iodide (I⁻) is the largest and least basic halide ion, and thus it leaves most easily. Fluoride (F⁻) is small and strongly bonded to carbon, making it a poor leaving group.
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