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      Question

      Two statements are given below, one labeled as Assertion

      (A) and the other as Reason (R). Examine these statements carefully and select the correct answer using the codes given below: Assertion (A): The Arya Samaj movement encouraged self-confidence and self-reliance among Hindus. Reason (R): The Arya Samaj movement weakened the foundations of the belief in the superiority of the white race.
      A Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      B Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A. Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      C A is true but R is false. Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
      D A is false but R is true. Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

      Solution

      • The Arya Samaj was founded by Swami Dayananda Saraswati in 1875 in Bombay. • It aimed at reforming Hindu society by promoting self-confidence and self-reliance among Hindus, opposing idolatry, and returning to the authority of the Vedas. • The movement also challenged the superiority of the white race and criticized foreign domination over India. • Therefore, both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A). The Arya Samaj’s emphasis on self-confidence among Hindus was primarily linked to religious and social reforms rather than directly challenging racial superiority. Thus, the correct answer is (b).

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