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    Question

    What causes the permanent hardness of

    water?
    A Carbonates of calcium and magnesium Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    B Bicarbonates of calcium and magnesium Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    C Chlorides and sulfates of calcium and magnesium Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    D None of these Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

    Solution

    Permanent hardness of water is caused by the presence of soluble salts of chlorides and sulfates of calcium and magnesium. Unlike temporary hardness, which can be removed by boiling, permanent hardness remains unless treated with a chemical process.

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