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    Question

    Consider the following pairs with reference to the

    European powers and the first factories established by them: Which of the pairs given above is/are correct?
    A 3 only Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    B 1 and 2 only Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    C 2 and 3 only Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    D 2 only Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

    Solution

    ● Pair 1 is correct: The Dutch established their first factory in Masulipatnam (in Andhra) in 1605. They seized Nagapattinam near Madras (Chennai) from the Portuguese and made it their main stronghold in South India. ● Pair 2 is correct: In 1611, the English had started trading at Masulipatnam on the southeastern coast of India and later established a factory there in 1616. In 1612, Captain Thomas Best defeated the Portuguese in the sea off Surat. An impressed Jahangir granted permission to the English in early 1613 to establish a factory at Surat under Thomas Aldworth. ● Pair 3 is incorrect: The last Europeans to come to India with the purpose of trade were the French. During the reign of Louis XIV, the king’s famous minister Colbert laid the foundation of the French East India Company in 1664. The company established its first factory at Surat under Francois Caron.

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