Which country most recently joined the BRICS group as its 10th member, with membership becoming effective from January 2025? 

Indonesia became the latest and 10th member to officially join the BRICS group, with its membership effective from January 2025. About BRICS • BRICS is an intergovernmental informal grouping initially formed by Brazil, Russia, India, China, and later South Africa (joined in 2010). • The acronym BRICS represents the original five founding countries. • In 2024, the grouping expanded to include Iran, United Arab Emirates (UAE), Egypt, and Ethiopia. Indonesia’s Entry • Indonesia’s membership was formally announced by Brazil, the BRICS presiding nation for 2024, on January 6, 2024. • The country’s candidacy was endorsed in August 2023 by BRICS leaders. Additional Information  • Saudi Arabia was invited to join BRICS in 2024 but has not yet formalised its membership. • Indonesia, being the world’s fourth-most populous nation, adds significant geopolitical and economic weight to the BRICS group.