The concept of co-operation in Industrial Relations was

Solution

The concept of co-operation in Industrial Relations was implemented through all of the listed mechanisms. A. Works Committee • Provided under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. • Aimed at promoting harmonious relations between employers and workers at the shop-floor level. B. Joint Management Councils (JMCs) • Introduced in the 1950s. • Designed to give workers a say in managerial decisions and foster cooperation. C. Workers’ representatives on the Board of Directors • Part of efforts to encourage workers’ participation in management. • Allowed employees representation at the highest decision-making level. All three aim at strengthening cooperation and participation of workers in industrial relations.