With reference to the 8th issue of “EnviStats India

Solution

• Statement 1 is correct: The report highlighted sharp increases in energy generation. Thermal power generation rose from 7.92 lakh GWh to 13.26 lakh GWh, and renewable energy generation jumped from 65,520 GWh to 2.25 lakh GWh over a decade. • Statement 2 is correct: Inland fish production doubled to 139.07 lakh tonnes, while marine fish production increased to 44.95 lakh tonnes during the same period, reflecting growth in India’s fisheries sector. • Statement 3 is incorrect: Instead of a decline, India’s annual mean temperature increased from 25.05°C in 2001 to 25.74°C in 2024, with both maximum and minimum temperatures showing a steady rise. Additional Insights: • Rainfall Patterns: Variable with no clear long-term trend (IMD). • Biodiversity: India contributes 1,04,561 faunal species globally, with rich diversity in soil, freshwater, mangrove, and estuarine ecosystems (Zoological Survey of India). • New Features: Revamped structure with component-wise data sets, Ramsar site listings, and new indicators (electricity, transport, sanitation). • Expenditure: Highest in Environment Sustainability sector (₹2,433.24 crore in 2021–22), lowest in Agro-Forestry. • Framework: Publication aligned with FDES 2013 (Framework for the Development of Environment Statistics).